Copper is a component of the respiratory chain in the mitochondria. Copper is also involved as a cofactor of many enzymes both in the protection of cells from oxidative stress and in maintaining normal energy metabolism. It contributes to normal energy metabolism and helps protect cells from oxidative stress. Copper may also support normal immune system function and contribute to normal iron transport in the body.

The possible causes of copper deficiency can be due to lifestyle (e.g. low milk diet, increased alcohol consumption, sports) and also in the organism (e.g. pregnancy and lactation, growth).